Light Therapy as a Promising Treatment for PMDD

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a type of menstrual cycle mood disorder that lasts approximately 20 days of every month.

In one study, women with PMDD who received bright light therapy for one week had more than a 50% reduction in depressive symptom ratings, including irritability.

Approximately 5-10% of Australian women experience the severe type of PMS called pre menstrual dysphoric disorder, commonly known as PMDD.

Women who have PMDD are often incorrectly diagnosed with bipolar disorder as they share the same symptoms, which are turned on just after ovulation. One the period commences, the symptoms are relieved and it is know that they ‘get their life back’. This is a constant cycle for a woman with PMDD every month.

PMDD is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) as a separate entity under depressive disorders.

In the brain, hormones like pregnenolone, progesterone, oestradiol, and corticosterone can be made and act as neuro-active steroids (NAS's).

These steroids impact mood, cognition, and behavior by interacting with neuron receptors in specific brain areas.

This interaction influences the release of neurotransmitters like serotonin, GABA, and dopamine.

The symptoms of PMDD are partly caused by the central nervous system's sensitivity to the regular changes in these neuroactive steroid hormones and how they affect neurotransmitters.
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Light therapy for PMDD

According to the International Association for Premenstrual Disorders (IAPMD), the study involved a small but carefully selected group of participants who underwent light therapy for a specified duration. The results indicated a noteworthy reduction in depressive symptoms, including irritability, which is a hallmark of PMDD. The study suggests that light therapy may hold promise as a viable treatment option for individuals struggling with PMDD.

Understanding Light Therapy

Light therapy, also known as phototherapy, involves exposure to bright light that mimics natural sunlight. This type of therapy is commonly used to treat various mood disorders, such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD), by regulating circadian rhythms and affecting neurotransmitters in the brain.

PMDD is thought to be linked to hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle, affecting neurotransmitters like serotonin. Light therapy is believed to influence these neurotransmitters and regulate mood by adjusting the body's internal clock.